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&#8220;\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u611f\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5229\u76ca\u611f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u96c6\u4f53\u7684\u798f\u7949\u505a\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u613f\u671b&#8221;\uff08\u963f\u5fb7\u52d2\uff0c1927 \u5e74\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u513f\u7ae5\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u548c\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u5929\u6027\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u5bf9\u793e\u533a\u4ea7\u751f\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c14 \u4e2a\u6708\u5927\u7684\u513f\u7ae5\u5c31\u4f1a\u672c\u80fd\u5730\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u5916\u90e8\u5956\u52b1\uff08Warneken &amp; Tomasello, 2006\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u5728\u5bfb\u6c42<em>\u5f52\u5c5e\u611f<\/em>\uff08\u7231\u548c\u63a5\u7eb3\uff09\u548c<em>\u610f\u4e49<\/em>\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u8d21\u732e\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u57f9\u517b\u79ef\u6781\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u7684\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\u3002   &nbsp; 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&#8220;\u513f\u7ae5\u4e4b\u5bb6&#8221;\uff0c\u5e74\u5e7c\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u4eec\u4e5f\u521a\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u5c55\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u652f\u6301\u6027\u7684\u3001\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4e92\u76f8\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u793e\u533a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u57f9\u517b\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u8d23\u4efb\u611f\u3002 &nbsp;<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6811\u7acb\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u5178\u8303<\/strong>&#8211;\u7ec3\u4e60\u540c\u65f6\u4ee5\u5584\u610f\u548c\u575a\u5b9a\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u8bbe\u5b9a\u548c\u7ef4\u6301\u9650\u5236\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<em>\u53cd\u601d\u6027\u503e\u542c<\/em>\u3001<em>\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898<\/em>\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bf4\u8bdd   <em>&#8220;\u6211&#8221; \u8bed\u8a00 <\/em> 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<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u60c5\u4e0d\u81ea\u7981\u5730\u7b11\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u83b1\u5229\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5728\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u63d0\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u662f\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u5b69\u5b50\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5632\u7b11\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u652f\u6301\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6323\u624e\u800c\u88ab\u5632\u7b11\u7684\u4eba\u3002  <\/p>\n<p>\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u90a3\u6b21<em>\u73ed\u4f1a\u4e0a<\/em>\uff0c\u672c\u89c1\u8bc1\u4e86\u83b1\u5229\u5411\u8499\u53f0\u68ad\u5229\u513f\u7ae5\u548c\u73ed\u96c6\u4f53\u6210\u5458\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8010\u5fc3\u3001\u793a\u8303\u3001\u4f20\u6388\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u548c\u9886\u5bfc\u6280\u80fd\u4ee5\u53ca\u5171\u540c\u9886\u5bfc\uff0c\u672c\u5e2e\u52a9\u83b1\u5229\u548c\u73ed\u96c6\u4f53\u91cd\u65b0\u627e\u56de\u4e86\u4e4b\u524d\u5c8c\u5c8c\u53ef\u5371\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u548c\u76f8\u4e92\u5c0a\u91cd\u7684\u6c1b\u56f4\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>\u83b1\u5229\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u4e00\u76f4\u5f85\u5230\u516b\u5e74\u7ea7\u6bd5\u4e1a\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4ed6\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u9b45\u529b\u548c\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u5584\u826f\u548c\u4e50\u4e8e\u52a9\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Montessori, M. (2012).<em data-start=\"121\" data-end=\"147\">1946 \u5e74\u4f26\u6566\u8bb2\u5ea7\u300b<\/em>\uff08A. M. Joosten \u7f16\u8f91\uff09\u3002\u8499\u7279\u68ad\u5229-\u76ae\u5c14\u68ee\u51fa\u7248\u516c\u53f8\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>Montessori, M. (1938).<em data-start=\"133\" data-end=\"166\">The adolescent-a social newborn<\/em>.\u5728\u8377\u5170\u963f\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u4e39\u7b2c 23 \u5c4a\u56fd\u9645\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>Kim EB\u3001Chen C\u3001Smetana JG\u3001Greenberger E. (2016)\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u89c2\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\u4f1a\u52a8\u6447\u5417\uff1f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8303\u5f0f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5b66\u9f84\u524d\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5e38\u89c4\u5224\u65ad\u3002 &nbsp;<\/em>J Exp Child Psychol. 150:241-251<\/p>\n<p>Chein J\u3001Albert D\u3001O&#8217;Brien L\u3001Uckert K\u3001Steinberg L. (2011)\u3002  <em>\u540c\u4f34\u4f1a\u589e\u5f3a\u5927\u8111\u5956\u8d4f\u56de\u8def\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u5192\u9669\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/em> Dev Sci. <\/p>\n<p>Adler, A. (1927).<em data-start=\"100\" data-end=\"128\">\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u6027<\/em>\u300b\uff08W. B. Wolfe \u8bd1\uff09\u3002\u683c\u6797\u4f2f\u683c\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>Warneken, F., &amp; Tomasello, M. (2007)\u3002<em>14 \u4e2a\u6708\u5927\u65f6\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0e\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/em> <em data-start=\"83\" data-end=\"92\">\u5a74\u513f\u671f<\/em>\u300b\uff0c11\uff083\uff09\uff0c271-294 \u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Dreikurs, R., Stoltz, V. (1964).<em style=\"font-weight: inherit;\">\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u6311\u6218\u300b\u3002 <\/em>Hawthorne Books, p. 36.<\/p>\n<p>Nelsen, J., &amp; DeLorenzo, C. (2021)\u3002<em data-start=\"169\" data-end=\"292\">\u8499\u7279\u68ad\u5229\u8bfe\u5802\u4e2d\u7684\u6b63\u9762\u7ba1\u6559\uff1a\u51c6\u5907\u4e00\u4e2a\u57f9\u517b\u5c0a\u91cd\u3001\u4ec1\u6148\u548c\u8d23\u4efb\u611f\u7684\u73af\u5883\u300b\uff08Preparing an environment that fosters respect, kindness &amp; responsibility<\/em>.\u4eb2\u5b50\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u3002 <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;&#8220;\u667a\u529b\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002  [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10110,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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